Notes from the History of Autoimmune Orbitopathy

The development of knowledge about the appearance, nature, origins and outcomes of the orbit and eye disorders in thyroid gland diseases has been very slow with a number of dilemmas, controversies and side tracks. It is interesting that the first reliable descriptions of this unity come from a lawyer and not from a doctor. Later contributions of Arab doctors and philosophers greatly improved medical theory and practice. Western medicine adopted discoveries of eastern nations adding European rationality to them; the result was a better understanding of the nature of the process and better knowledge of the causes of the disorder and its development, but treatment options were still falling behind theory. Not until the last few decades of the twentieth century was there a noticeable progress in the definite identification of the nature of the changes in orbitopathy, which made it clear that it was an autoimmune process and which led to a better and more successful treatment. Despite all this, autoimmune orbitopathy is still one of the conditions in endocrinology which is most difficult to control and cure.

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